Here fell Charles, Duke of Brunswick and the highest ranked casualty suffered by the Allies in the 1815 campaign. An impressive soldier, he was all the more deadly for his passionate hatred of Napoleon, who, after the Battle of Friedland (1807), had actually dissolved his Duchy of Brunswick to make it part of Westphalia. Totally obsessed with avenging his birthright, "The Black Duke" reuniformed his army from head to toe in black, with an immense black plume overhanging a skull and crossbones hat badge. He and his men all distinguished themselves at the forefront of the fighting at Quatre-Bras.